以下為近幾年涉及到“倒裝”的高考題。

1.___ can you expect to get a pay rise.

A. With hard work B. Although work hard

C. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard

（NMET2000 春招）

2. Not a single song ____ at yesterday's party.

A. she sang B. sang she C. did she sing D. she did sing

(2000 上海)

3. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in all my life____ so happy.

A. did I feel B.I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt

(NMET2000 春招)

4. -David has made great progress recently.

-____, and ____.

A. So he has... so you have B. So he has... so have you

C. So has he... so have you D. So has he... so you have

(1997 上海)

5. Not until all the fish died in the river, ____ how serious the pollution was.

A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized

C. the villagers did realize D. didn't the villagers realize

(NMET1995)

（Key: 1----5 CCDBA）

英語(yǔ)句子的正常語(yǔ)序(Normal Order)是主語(yǔ)放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞前。如果句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞位于主語(yǔ)之前，這種語(yǔ)序被稱作倒裝語(yǔ)序(Inverted Order)。倒裝語(yǔ)序有全部倒裝和部分倒裝兩種。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，英語(yǔ)中有兩種情況需要使用倒裝句：一種是由于語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要而進(jìn)行的倒裝，另一種是由于修辭需要而進(jìn)行的倒裝。

1)語(yǔ)法倒裝

①疑問(wèn)句中的倒裝。例：

Is it necessary to keep the brushes in water?

How can we find out who are using these computers?

②在there be (或there十其他表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞) 結(jié)構(gòu)中的倒裝．例：

There are a lot of people in the room．

There stands a weather station at the top of the hill．

③在以here，there，now，then等引起的句子中，動(dòng)詞是be，come，go等

時(shí)，常用倒裝形式以引起注意。例：

There goes the bell！

Now comes your turn．

如果主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞，則不用倒裝。例：

Here we are．

④在so，nor，neither開(kāi)頭的句子中，須用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例：

All animals need air and so do plants．

If you won’t go，neither shall I.

2)修辭倒裝

①具有否定意義的副詞或詞組用于句首，擔(dān)任狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，要用倒裝。常見(jiàn)的 詞有：never，seldom，1ittle，hardly，not until等。另外，含有否定意義的關(guān)聯(lián)詞neither… (nor)，no sooner…(than)，hardly…when，not only…(but also)等位于句首時(shí)也須用倒裝。例：

Never have I dreamed of it．

Not Until midnight did it stop raining．

Hardly had he arrived when he started complaining．

Nowhere else in the world can there be such a quite, beautiful place．

②as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，要用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例：

Old as he was, he studied English hard.

Brave as they were , the danger made them afraid．

注：though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中，也可用倒裝語(yǔ)序。

③為了生動(dòng)地描寫(xiě)動(dòng)作，在in，out，away，up，down，off等副詞開(kāi)頭的 句子中常用倒裝語(yǔ)序。例：

Up went the rocket into the air.

Following a roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes.

在此結(jié)構(gòu)中，當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí)，用正常語(yǔ)序。例：

Away they went. / Down it flew.

④當(dāng)“only +狀語(yǔ)”用于句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)，要用倒裝語(yǔ)序，如果不在句首，則用正常語(yǔ)序。例：

Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there.

Only when we had a talk with him did we come to know that he was a Japanese .

○ 當(dāng)“ so (such) ... that" 結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such 放在句首加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，要用倒裝。

例：

So excited was he ( = He was so excited ) that he couldn't speak.

Such was the force of the explosion(爆炸) that all the windows were

broken .