教學目標
一、Teaching Aims
本單元為復習課，重點復習1至5單元出現(xiàn)的語法現(xiàn)象和日常交際用語。同時通過對話課的學習與操練，進一步熟悉有關打電話的用語，通過對兩篇文章的學習，了解一些有關集郵，集硬幣方面的知識，學生能夠對硬幣的歷史，發(fā)展和收藏進行介紹。
二、Teaching important and difficult points
1.Words and phrases
shape, ring, collection, bank, material, hide, (hid, hidden), envelope, cheaply, cock, shame coin, silver, penny, (pi. pence) , mine, possibly, whenever, whatever, afford, hand out, here and there, look round, sooner or later, pick up, packs of, kind of…, at the beginning, be mixed with
2.Daily expressions
Hello. Can I speak to Zhou Lan, please?
This is Zhou Lan speaking.
But I’ve only just got home.
I would like to ask you about some stamps.
What a pity! What a shame!
I’ll ring you if I have any news.
It’s a pity I didn’t think of it earlier.
3.Grammar
Revise grammar from unit one to unit five.
教學建議
對話課建議：
在Lesson 21 有關打電話的對話練習，教師引導學生以口頭練習為主，讓學生在對話交際功能學會打電話的用語。教師可設置情景對話讓學生們進行操練，比如說：教師讓兩個學生們到前表演，話題為談論借英語學習雜志或其它使用學生們感興的題目，教師給學生在黑板上寫一些電話用語的日常用語如：Can/May I speak …..? This is ….speaking? Is that..? so on教師在這里只充當配角。
課文建議
教師在Lesson22中，讓學生分小組學習本文章，復述課文,分小組討論集郵的好處。教師與學生們共同參與完成本課的學習內(nèi)容。教師盡力給學生們多提供有關本課內(nèi)容的信息和圖片。
聽力建議
1．首先，教師對學生講今天要學習的是收集硬幣的知識，教師介紹在這段對話中共有五個人，他們都有不尋常的硬幣。
2．教師讓學生們閱讀每一個練習的問題，弄清楚學生們在聽的過程中應抓住哪些重點，然后教師在播放磁帶，以泛聽和精聽為過程，最后教師檢查學生做練習的情況。
教材分析
本單元是一個復習課，本文的對話是以打電話為主，練習打電話用語，語句比較簡單，兩篇閱讀課是有關于收集硬幣集郵的介紹，文中用一些數(shù)字表明硬幣的發(fā)展過程，同時也學習提供一些集郵的建議，在23課中語法主要是復習1至5單元所學的知識點及詞性的轉換。
重點難點
辨析：pack與parcel，packet
這三個詞都指包。
pack多指較小的包，與package可以互換；學生用的背包可用pack，如：
The soldier carried a pack on his back. 這個軍人背上背著一個小包。
packet也指較小的包，多指同類東西的“一束”，“一盒”等，如：
a packet of letters（一捆信），packet（pack）of cigarettes（一包香煙）
parcel多指“郵包”。
shape，form，figure的區(qū)別
shape著重指人或物的比較具體的整個外形，不太正式。
We saw a shape through the mist but we couldn’t see who it was.我們從霧中看見一個人影，但我們看不清那是誰。
form指有具體結構和看得見的某種特殊形狀或是抽象的形式
In the early morning light we could just see the forms of the mountains.在晨曦中，我們僅能看到群山的輪廓。
figure指物時，側重指輪廓；指人時，著重指姿態(tài)。
I could see a tall figure near the door. 我可以看見門附近有一個高大的身影。
possible, probable的區(qū)別
這兩個詞的反義詞是impossible, improbable
1）possible作“或許”解，有“也許如此，也許不如此”之意。強調(diào)客觀上有可能性，但常常帶有“實際可能性很小”的暗示。
2）probable用來指有根據(jù)，合情理，值得相信的事物，帶有“大概，很可能”的意味。語氣比possible要重，是most likely之意。
It’s possible, though not probable. That he will accept the terms.他也可能接受這些條件，但希望不大。
(2) be possible, be probable常用形式主語it，構成句型為：
It is possible/probable + that …（從句）
It is possible /probable+ for sb. to do sth. 例如：
他有可能做這件事。
[√] It is possible for him to do this.
[√] It is possible that he will do this.
[×] He is possible to do this.
particular, especial或special區(qū)別
三者均有“特別的”之意，
但particular指同類事物中具有獨特性質(zhì)的一個
especial和special相同，強調(diào)某種特殊的目的或用途，但especial為書面語，口語中多用special。
There was a particular expression in his eyes. 他眼睛中有一種特別的神情。
The patient needs special/ especial care. 病人需要特殊的照料。
Coins can be made of many different kinds of metal mixed together.
mixed together(=…which are mixed together)過去分詞短語作后置定語，相當于一個省略的定語從句。
He is reading the short stories written by Lu Xun. ( =He is reading the shorts stories which were written by Lu Xun. )
Please give me letters received yesterday. (=…the letters which were received yesterday. )
如果這個分詞是一個單詞，就位于修飾的名詞之前，作定語。
She is our respected teacher.
The lost key has been found.
A year passed when it was realized that the parcel had been sent to the wrong destination.一年以后才發(fā)現(xiàn)包裹送錯了地方。
It’s possible that one of them kept a bank where the workers could keep their money safe.有可能他們中的某個人辦了一家銀行，工人們可以放心地把錢存在那兒。
這是一個由形式主語it引導的復合句，真實主語是后面的that從句。其句型結構為：It is+形容詞+that從句，常用于這個句型的形容詞有：possible，necessary, important, clear, certain, strange等。
It is necessary that we master one or two foreign languages.我們精通一至二門外國語是很必要的。
keep a bank意為“開辦銀行”。此處keep為及物動詞，意為“經(jīng)營”、“管理”、“養(yǎng)活”。
keep a shop意為“開辦商店” keep the farm意為“經(jīng)營農(nóng)場”
keep the house意為“管理家務”keep the family意為“養(yǎng)家糊口”
It contained 54,951 coins dating from the year 260－275 AD.那一次挖掘的硬幣共有54951枚，都是公元260－275年間的硬幣。
dating from在句中作定語，相當于定語從句…which dated from the year…修飾先行詞coins, date用作vi., 意思是“起始”、“興趣于”。date from 表示“始于……時期”。
過去分詞短語和現(xiàn)在分詞短語用作定語時相當于一個定語從句。如：
Tell the children playing (==who are playing) there not to make so much noise.讓那些在那兒玩的小孩別這么吵。
They’re problems left (=which have been left) over by history.這些是歷史遺留下來的問題。
這座古廟的歷史可以追溯到兩千年前。
[×] The old temple is dated from 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back to 2,000 years ago.
[√]The old temple dates back 2,000 years.
It does not matter if /whether they are old. 郵票）新舊沒關系。
1) It does not matter if/whether…是一個很有用的句型。
It doesn’t matter ( to me ) if I miss my train, because there's another one later.對我來說錯過一趟火車沒關系，因為后面還有。
2) It doesn’t matter 后還能跟其他從句
If she does her best, it doesn’t matter what people think of her.只要她盡了力，別人怎么看她無關緊要。
If you are just starting to collect stamps, here is some advice for you to follow.
1) start 和begin, continue有一點是相同的，即它們可以用動詞不定式或動名詞作賓語。
He started learning / to learn English when he was ten.
They began building / to build the dam in 1994.
How can you continue working / to work with all that noise going on?
2) 但是當這些動詞本身是進行時態(tài)時，一般后面跟動詞不定式。
starting to collect 一般不能換成starting collecting。
It’s starting / beginning to rain.開始下雨了。
3)start或begin后跟的動詞是表達有關感情和思想的動詞時，一般也不用動名詞，而用動詞不定式。
She started / began to understand. 她開始理解了。
打電話的說法：
l）電話鈴響時，當你拿起話筒，通常首先自報姓名和自己的電話號碼。如：
Hello, Bob Dorson.
Hello, 742511.
This is Bob Dorson speaking. Who is that speaking?
Yes?
2) 若對方要找的不是Bob而是Chris，對方可能詢問：
Is Chris in/at home / there ?
May /can /Could I speak to Chris?
I’d like to speak to Chris , please.
若Chris在家，Bob去叫Chris，則對方稍等一會：
A moment, please.
Hold on, please.
Hold the line, please.
Don’t hang up, please.
3) Bob通知Chris 聽電話：
Telephone for you.
You are wanted on the phone, Chris.
4) 在互報完姓名后，就可以開始談話了。
若Chris不在家，你可告訴對方，并請他留下口信。
Chris isn’t in /here right now. Can / Could I take a message for you?
Would you like to leave a message?
Can you call later? He will be back at about 2:30.
教學設計示例Lesson 21
Teaching Aims
1.Words and phrases: cock, shame , coin , on the telephone.
2. Daily expressions：
1) Hello. Can I speak to Zhou Lan, please?
2) This is Zhou Lan speaking.
3) …but I’ve only just got home.
4) Would like to ask you about some stamps.
5) What a pity! What a shame!
6) I’ll ring you if I have any news.
7) It’s a pity I didn’t think of it earliest.
Step 1 Presentation
Show the Ss some stamps and talk about stamps or stamp collection by asking the Ss some questions:
1) What are these?
2) Do you like collecting stamps?
3) Have you got any valuable stamps?
4) Why do you like collecting stamps?
5) What else can we collect except stamps?
Tell the Ss today we're going to listen to a dialogue between Bruce and Zhou Lan. They are talking on the telephone about stamps. Please listen to the dialogue and find out what Brice wanted to get.
Step 3 Listening
1.Get the Ss to listen to the tape of the dialogue with the books closed.
2.Play the tape again and let the Ss repeat the dialogue .
T: Now let's listen to the tape again. When you listen to the tape, please pay attention to your pronunciation and read after the tape.
3.Ask them to answer this question: what does Bruce want to get? [A cock year stamp ]
Step 4 Reading
1. Get the Ss to read it in pairs. Then ask them some questions.
1)When did Bruce make a telephone call to Zhou Lan?
2)What happened to the cock year stamp Zhou Lan once sold?
3)What did Zhou Lan offer to do for Bruce?
Answers:1)late in the evening. 2)the week before3) help find one cock year stamp for Bruce.
2. Ask one or two pairs to act out the dialogue.
Step 5 Language points
1. Go through the dialogue briefly and make sure the Ss understand it.
2. Get the Ss to understand the following expressions and give them some explanations if Necessary.
1) It is a pity + that clause
It was a pity she didn’t ring me up yesterday.
2) Excuse me for doing sth.
Excuse me for ringing you so late in the evening.
3) I’d like to do sth.
I’d like to ask you some questions.
4) What a pity! What a shame!
A: I’m sorry I can’t join you in the travel.
B: What a shame! / What a pity!
Step 6 Practice 1
T tell Ss to read the dialogue again and complete the following dialogue.
A: Who ______ you ______ so late at night?
B: Bruce
A: What did he ______ you to do?
B: He ________ me ______ some stamps. He is very interested in ______ ______ ______ _______.
A: You have one, ______ ______?
B: I did have one, but I ______ ______ last week.
A: Do you think you ______ ______ ______ for Bruce?
B: Yes. I ______ to do so. I’ll ______ ______ as soon as I get one.
Step 7 Practice 2
SB Page 31 Part 2. Ask the Ss to make sentences in pairs. For example:
This/That That/There
It’s Bob here. Is Bob there?
This is Bob. Is that Bob?
This is Bob speaking. Can I speak to Bob?
Step 8 Practice 3
SB Page 31 Part 3. Work in pairs. Make up a dialogue that a foreigner Mr White wants to buy an old coin from his Chinese friend Mr Yang. The teacher let the Ss prepare a few minutes ,then ask two students to play in front of class. For example:
One possible version:
W: Excuse me for ringing you so early.
Y: That’s OK.
W: I would like to ask you for some Chinese coins. Do you have any old Chinese coins made in 1800AD? I would like to buy one.
Y: I used to have one, but I gave it to a friend last month.
W: Oh, what a pity!
Y: I’m sorry I didn't know you were interested in our coins. What a shame!
W: Never mind.
Y: Do you want me to find one for you?
W: Yes, please. That would be kind of you.
Y: Ok. I’ll ring you if I have any news.
W: Thank a lot. Goodbye.
Y: Goodbye.
Step 9 Homework
1. Finish off the exercises on Page 98.
2. Write down the telephone message of WB Ex. 2 in their exercise books.
教學設計示例Lesson 22
Teaching Aims
1.Word and phrases
shape, ring, collection, bank, material, hide, silver, penny (pi. pence), mine (n.) possibly, whenever, seashell, hand out, here and there, look round.
2.Useful expressions
1) …be of +n. =be + adj.
2) It is said that + subject clause
It is reported that…
It is believed that.
It is common to have the head of a famous person on one side.
3.Learn the history of coin.
Step 1 Revision
Revise the dialogue in SB L.21 by asking a pair of students to come to the front to act out the dialogue they themselves made.
T: First of all, I'll ask some of you to act out the dialogue you yourselves made after class.
A: Hello. Can I speak to …please?
B: This is … speaking.
A: Hello, …This is …. Excuse me for ringing you so late.
B: That’s OK.
A: I would like to ask you about some stamps. Do you still have …..stamp?
B: I’m afraid I don’t have it any more. I ……..
A: Oh! What a pity!
Step 2 Warm-up
1. Make up a dialogue between Ss and the teacher by asking these questions:
Do you like collecting things?
What do you collect?
How do you collect them?
2. Discussion: Put the Ss in groups of four to discuss these questions:
Which of the following do you collect: stamps, coin or postcards? Anything else?
3.Show the Ss some coins. Ask them who collect coin? How many coins have you collected? Tell the Ss something about coins.
T will tell them these coins are produced in 1999.
4. Talk about the picture on the top of page 32, using the following questions:
What can you see in the picture?
What are the shapes of these coins?
Say Today we're going to read a text about coins.
Step Listening and repeating
Play the tape of the passage for the Ss to listen and follow. Then ask them to do the following True or False Exercises.
1) The earliest coins in the world were used in China from more than 3000 years ago.
2) Coins may have the same designs on the two sides.
3) Before coins appeared, seashells, bamboo stick and wood were used for money.
4) The latest collection ever found in England was one of about 20000 silver pennies.
Step 3 reading
Get the Ss to read the passage carefully to know more information about coins. Then let them answer the following questions.
1) What were the earliest coins called?
2) When were the coins with holes in them used?
3) What is the coin usually pressed now? Was the date always included in the past?
4) What were the earliest coins in the west made of?
5) How many coins did the collection found in England in 1978 contain?
6) How did so many Chinese coins get to Australia?
Answers:
1) The earliest coin in China was called bei money.
2) These were used from 221BC until 1916.
3) Today the coin is usually pressed with name of the country, value of the coin and the ate. In the past the date was not always included.
4) The earliest coins in the west were made of gold mixed with silver.
5) It contained 54951 coins dating from the year 260 - 275AD.
6) It is known that thousands of Chinese worked in the gold mines in the late 19th century.
7) It is possible that one of them kept a kind of bank where the workers could keep their money safe.
8) Possibly this person died without anyone knowing where the coins were hidden.
Step 4 Language points
Write the useful expressions on the Bb. As usual, get the Ss to understand the following expressions.
1 ) with holes in it : The teacher comes in , with a book in his hand.
with + n. + 介詞短語
In the cave I found a coin, with the design of a panda on its face.
with的復合結構，也可以作方式狀語，用以修飾謂語動詞。
2) Coins may be of different size…: Be of+ n..
Coins may be of different sizes的意思相當于Coins may be different in size.
3) be pressed with , be mixed with , be covered with….
4) in the late 1870s , in the early 1870s
5) It is …that + Subject Clause
It is known that…
It is possible that…
It is common to do …
Step5 Note making
Part 3.Page 33.Get the Ss to read the passage again and make notes. T check the Ss what information they have to put down.. Let the Ss work individually , then check the answers at the end of this activity.
Earliest coins: bei money from 650BC.
Information on the coin: name of country, value, and date.
Metals and other materials: gold, silver, seashells, wood and so on.
Designs: agricultural tools , head of a famous person, panda, and so on.
Step 6 Practice
Part 4, SB Page 33. This activity helps revise the - ing form as subject. Go through the example and the first two sentences orally and then let the Ss do this exercise alone. Check the answers with the whole class.
Answers:
1) Discovering so many Chinese coins in Australia is surprising.
2) Having the head of a famous figure on one side of the coin is rather common.
3) Getting used to the life in a foreign country needs time.
4) Handing out the listening text to the students seems necessary.
5) Reading without full understanding is no good.
6). Seeing her sad made me sad.
Step 7 Practice
1. SB Page 33, Part 5. Make sure that the Ss know the special use of the verbs in the exercise. Note that verbs like intend, continue, like, start are followed either by to do or the - ing. Write the following on the Bb: finish doing, allow doing, needs doing, advise doing, practice doing, suggest doing, can’t help doing, consider doing.
2. Let the Ss do it alone and check the answers with the whole class.
Answers:
1. rewriting 2. travelling/to travel 3. smoking 4. to buy/buying 5. washing
6. eating, taking 7. speaking 8. using 9. laughing 10. delivering 11. making/ to
make 12. smoking/to smoke
Step 8 Oral practise
Get the Ss to retell the whole passage according to the key words.
T: Now we have learnt about coins. We know the earliest coin, their sizes, weights and shapes. Let Ss retell the story according to the key words on the Bb.
Key words: the earliest coins, in China, different size, weights, shapes, …be made of different kinds of metal collections of coins that had been buried, tell a story.
Step 9 Workbook
Let the Ss to read the text once again. Then ask them to do WB Ex. 2 Page 99.
Step 10 Homework
Finish off the work exercises in WB.
探究活動
教師組織學生就有關hobbies話題進行討論，把他們分成幾個小組分別談論,讓他們彼此交談自己目前的hobbies, 或者能夠帶給他人樂趣的事情，學生可選擇如下的話題：
Why do collect the newspaper/magazine/stamp/bottle… ? , or what fun has been brought to yourself ?