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現(xiàn)在完成時趣味課件
作為一位優(yōu)秀的人民教師，時常需要編寫課件，教案是描述如何進行一堂課的教學(xué)，通常都是教師書面上的文字，課前備課是一線教師進行教學(xué)的重要環(huán)節(jié)，那么問題來了，課件應(yīng)該怎么寫？以下是小編整理的現(xiàn)在完成時趣味課件，歡迎閱讀與收藏。
現(xiàn)在完成時趣味課件
現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果或表示過去的動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。
一、引入：
-Did you visit Beijing before? -Yes, I did. -No, I didn’t.
Have you ever visited Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I ________.
Have you ever been to Beijing? Yes, I ________. No, I ________.
二、定義:
現(xiàn)在完成時表示到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完成或仍在持續(xù)的動作、狀態(tài)；強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響或聯(lián)系。
三、 結(jié)構(gòu):
have/has+p.p.(動詞過去分詞)
接觸一：肯定句式 現(xiàn)在完成時的肯定句式是“have（has）＋過去分詞”。如：
�、� We have just finished our homework．
�、� She has gone home．
注意：
1）該句式中的have或has是助動詞，has用于第三人稱單數(shù)，其它人稱一律用have。
2）該句式中have（has）和過去分詞之間可用just插入。
3）把該句式譯成漢語時，往往用“已經(jīng)”、“剛剛”、“過”或“了”等。
接觸二：否定句式：現(xiàn)在完成時的否定句式是“havent（hasnt）＋過去分詞”。如：
⑥ We haven‘t studied Unit 2 yet．
�、� The train hasnt stopped yet．
接觸三：疑問句式 現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句式是把助動詞have或has提到主語之前。
�、� Have you read this story book yet？
特殊疑問句及反意疑問句結(jié)構(gòu)如下：
�、� What have you done with my bike?
⑤ Youve read this story book, havent you?
注意：1）現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句往往在句末加yet。
2）把現(xiàn)在完成時的一般疑問句譯成漢語時，
往往譯成“……過嗎？”、“已經(jīng)……了嗎？”等。
3）其肯定回答用“Yes，．．．have（has）．”，
否定回答用“No，．．．havent（hasnt）．”，有時用“No，not yet．”或“No，never．”。
四、過去分詞（規(guī)則＋ed）
1）Worked，visited，asked，played，stayed 2）liked lived moved
3）stopped dropped robbed planned， preferred 4）carried，worried，tried，cried
五、現(xiàn)在完成時常與一些詞、詞組連用 :
1、ever（曾）、never（未曾）、already（已經(jīng)） 、
yet（仍、還）、just （剛剛）、before（以前)
2、for +一段時間 : for two days 有兩天了
3. in the past/last＋一段時間 : in the past ten years 在剛過去的十年里
4. since + 過去某一個時間: since 1991 : 自從1991年到現(xiàn)在
一段時間 + ago since 14 years ago: 自從14年前到現(xiàn)在
一般過去時句子: since I was born : 自從我出生到現(xiàn)在
already, yet, ever, never, just的用法
Already 肯定句，強調(diào)已經(jīng)的意,放句中或句末.
I have already finished my homework.
= I have finished my homework already.
yet 否定句、問句，表示還沒，沒有的意思,放句末
He hasn’t finished his homework yet.
Has he finished his homework yet?
ever 問句，表示曾經(jīng)的意思 Has John ever been to Zhuhai?
never 含否定意思的肯定句，表示從沒的意思 He has never been to China.
just 肯定句，表示剛剛的意思 I have just come back from China.
練習(xí)：用already, yet, ever, never, just填空
1. Have you seen the film ( )?
2. Have you done your homework ( )? -Not ( ), I will do it after supper.
3. Have you ( ) been to England? -no, ( ).
4. I have ( ) finished reading the book.
5. I have ( ) paid for the car.
for, since及how long
For + 時間段：表示某個動作持續(xù)了多長時間
Joey has been in New York for 10 years.
Since + 時間點（具體時間/ … ago/ 某個動作發(fā)生的時間 ）：
表示某個動作是從什么時候開始的，間接地表示這個動作持續(xù)的時間
Joey has been in New York since 1996.
Joey has been in New York since ten years ago.
Joey has been in New York since he first arrived.
兩者都可以回答由How long引導(dǎo)的問題。
How long has Joey been in New York?
練習(xí)：用for, since及how long填空
1. The wind has blown ( ) 2 hours.
2. The dog has stayed there ( ) it ate its dinner.
3. ( ) has the old man lain in bed?
4. The teacher has thought about the problem ( ) yesterday.
5. The horse has run ( ) quite a long time.
6. The ducks have swum ( ) thirty minutes.
7. The poor child has worn the old clothes ( ) 7 years old.
六、have been to, have gone to
Have (has) been to表示曾經(jīng)到過某地（通�，F(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）
My mother has been to London twice. 媽媽去過兩次倫敦。（媽媽現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了，在家）
Have (has) gone to 表示已經(jīng)去了某地（通常不在說話的地方）
My mother has gone to London. 媽媽去了倫敦。（媽媽現(xiàn)在就在倫敦，不在家）
練習(xí)：
1. Jenny is well-traveled. She has ______________ to Germany twice.
2. Jane isn’t in now. She has ______________ to the office. Can I take a message?
3. My father is a successful businessman. He’s ______________ to many countries.
4. It’s a dangerous place. Nobody has ever ______________there.
5. The manager has ______________to Beijing. He will be back tomorrow.
6. The tiger of the zoo is missing. None of us knows where it has______________.
have been to, have been in, have been
Have been to 去過某地，現(xiàn)在不在那里 I have been to Paris. Now I am staying in Zhuhai.
Have been in 一直呆在某地，后接地點
I came to Zhuhai in 2004. So I have been in Zhuhai for 2 years already.
Have been 后接名詞和表狀態(tài)的詞組 I have been a teacher since 2004.
I have been at No. 4 Middle School for 2 years.
練習(xí)：
1.A: Where’s Jim, Li Lei?
B: He ______________the school library.
2.The Greens _____________China for three years.
We _____________the Great Wall twice. It’s very beautiful.
1. Some of us have ______________ Zhuhai for only a week.
2. Susan has ______________ in this band for over five years.
3. My father has ______________Guangdong several times.
4. It has ______________a long time since I first met Johnny.
5. He loves Zhuhai and he has ______________ there quite a few times.
6. Judie has always______________a good student and her classmates like her.
7. Tony has ______________ America before, so this time he will travel to France.
8. Betty’s ______________ at home for three days. She doesn’t feeling like going out.
9. The boss has ______________ the office since early this morning. He works hard.
七、瞬間動詞和持續(xù)性動詞用于完成時的區(qū)別
延續(xù)動詞表示經(jīng)驗、經(jīng)歷；
瞬間動詞表示行為的結(jié)果，不能與表示段的時間狀語連用。
He has completed the work. 他已完成了那項工作。 (表結(jié)果)
Julia has borrowed the book. Julia已經(jīng)借了那本書。
Ive known him since then. 我從那時起就認識他了。(表經(jīng)歷)
Julia has kept the book for 3 days. Julia已借了三天這本書了。
用于till / until從句的差異
延續(xù)動詞用于肯定句，表示“做……直到……” 瞬間動詞用于否定句，表示“到…才…”
He didn‘t come back until ten o’clock. 他到10 點才回來。
He slept until ten oclock. 他一直睡到10點。
瞬間動詞不能和表示一段時間的時間狀語連用,但是他可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞.
1.直接用延續(xù)性動詞
buy– have catch(get) a cold –have a cold borrow—keep Come/go /become—be
put on-- wear
2.轉(zhuǎn)換成be+名詞
join the army – be a soldier
Join the Party –be a Party member
go to school– be a student
3轉(zhuǎn)換成be+形容詞或副詞
die—be dead finish – be over begin—be on
leave—be away fall sleep – be asleep close – be closed
4.轉(zhuǎn)換成 be+介詞短語
go to school– be in school join the army – be in the army
1.我們買這本書三年了.
We have had the book for three years.
We bought the book three years ago
2.他感冒三天了.
He has had a cold for three days.
He caught a cold three days ago.
1. His uncle ____________ (die) for two years.
2.He left his hometown three years ago. (改為同義句)
He ________ _______ _________ _______ his hometown for three years.
瞬間動詞和持續(xù)動詞的練習(xí)
判斷正誤：
1. Ann has become a teacher for 4 years.
2. Maria has borrowed the CD from me for a over a week.
3. Jeff hasn’t had a day off since last Monday.
4. Norman has put the machine right for a few hours.
5. The students have finished the homework for a while.
6. The front door has been open for 8 hours already.
7. The meeting has lasted for two hours and a half.
8. Berry has been late for school several times this term.
9. I have met Philip once.
10. The Greens have eaten the supper for two hours.
八、現(xiàn)在完成時和一般過去時的區(qū)別
現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的某一動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，強調(diào)的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以它不能和過去具體的時間連用,而過去時可以.一般過去時常和過去時間短語連用。
1. He ____________(work) in our school for one year.
2. He ______(come) to our school last year/in 2002.
3. They _______________(cook) the supper already.
4. They ___________ (cook) the supper half an hour ago.
練習(xí)：Finish the sentences with the correct tenses:
A city ________ (be) born beside the Pearl River 2000 years ago. Later it__________ (become) bigger and more important. It _______________ (change) a lot in the last few years. Now the Baiyun Hills,Tianhe and Fangcun_______________(be) parts of the City. Baiyun hotel ___________(be) once the tallest building in China. But now many buildings _________ ( be) much taller than it . People in Guangzhou ____________(build) many new buildings these years. In its long life, the city ___________(have) four names.Do you know what are they ?
現(xiàn)在完成時鞏固練習(xí)
Multiple choice
1. You’ve never seen such a wonderful film before, _______?
A haven’t you B have you C do you D don’t you
2. --Ann has gone to Shanghai. ---So ________ her parents.
A. do B. does C. has D. have
3. – I have watched the game.
--When ____ you ____ it?
A have watched B do watch C did watch D will watch
4. Mr. Green ____ in China since five years ago.
A lived B has lived C lives D is going to live
5. His grandma ______ for two years.
A died B has been dead C was dead D has died
6. –Where is Han Mei now?
--- She ____ to Shanghai. She will be back in two days.
A has gone B has been C goes D had gone
7. ---_____ to the United Stated ? ---- No, never, but I went to Canada a few years ago.
A. Did you go B. Do you go C. Have you been D. Have you gone
8. You haven’t changed your mind,_______?
A do you B are you C have you D did you
�。�1-8 BDCBB ACC）
Translation
1. I have already finished my homework．
我已經(jīng)做完家庭作業(yè)了。
2. He has just had his meal．
他剛吃過飯。
3. Have you ever sung this English song？
你曾唱過這首英文歌嗎？
4. They haven’t started yet．
他們還沒有動身。
5. We have never heard of it．
我們從來沒有聽說過這件事。
6. Ive been to Beijing three times.
我去過北京三次。
閱讀理解
I have just received a letter from my brother, Tim. He is in Australia. He has been there for six months. Tim is an engineer . He is working for a big firm and he has already visited a great number of different place in Australia. He has just bought an Australian car and has gone to Alice Springs, a small town in the centre of Australia. He will soon visit Darwin. From there , he will fly to Perth. My brother has never been abroad before, so he is finding this trip very exciting.
1. Only one of these statements is true. Which one?
The writer has been in Australia for 6 months.
Tim is a mechanic and he’s working in Australia.
Tim is working for an Australian firm.
Tim is working for a big firm as an engineer.
2. Only one of these statements is true. Which one?
Time has been in Darwin for 6 months.
It’s the first time Tim has ever been to another country.
Perth is in the centre of Australia.
Tim’s brother has never been abroad before.
寫作平臺
1、Talk about some places which you are interested in. Why do you like there?
2、用英語寫一段話，要求組織好材料，安排層次，勘酌詞句，并注意書寫工整。
字數(shù)在60字以上。
1）上星期天我去杭州旅游。
2）我以前從沒去過如此美麗的城市。
3）杭州以西湖著名，有許多名勝古跡。
4）游園，劃船，爬山，美好時刻，終生難忘．
現(xiàn)在完成時解析
1、構(gòu)成
現(xiàn)在完成時是由助動詞have(has)+動詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。助動詞說明該謂語是屬于現(xiàn)在時范圍。它和主語的人稱、數(shù)要保持一致。過去分詞是主要的謂語動詞，說明句子的意義。
2、用法
(1)表示動作發(fā)生在過去某個不確定的時間，但對現(xiàn)在留下了某種影響和結(jié)果。常被just、already、yet等副詞修飾。如：
-Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. Ive just had it.
你(已經(jīng))吃午飯了嗎?我剛剛吃過。(現(xiàn)在我不餓了)
(2)表示從過去某一時刻開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài)。這個動作可能剛停止，可能仍然在進行。常帶有for和since等表示一段時間的狀語。如：He has taught here since 1981
他自1981年就在這兒教書。(可能還要繼續(xù)教)
I havet seen her for four years.
我有四年沒見到她了。
(3)表示說話前發(fā)生過一次或多次的動作，現(xiàn)在成為一種經(jīng)驗，一般譯為漢語“過”，常帶有twice,ever,never,three times等時間狀語。
如：I have been to Beijing twice.我去過北京二次。
現(xiàn)在完成時句子
1、She lost her bike.她把自行車丟了。
2、This is my first visit to the city、這是我第一次訪問這座城市。
3、I just came backfromFrance、我剛從法國回來。
4、Hes gone to Spain、 他去了西班牙。
5、Ive played the piano.我已經(jīng)彈過鋼琴了。
6、I have seen her before,but I can not remember where.
7、Since when have you planted so many young trees?從什么時候開始你種植了這么多小樹的？
8、This is the first time Ive heard him sing.這是我第一次聽他唱歌。
9、We have been waiting for you for half an hour.我們已經(jīng)等你半個小時了。
10、How long have you been working in this library?你在這家圖書館工作多久了？
11、I have found my bag.我已經(jīng)找到了我的書包。
12、Have you had lunch yet? -Yes,I have. Ive just had it.
13、I have finished my homeworkes. 我完成了我的家庭作業(yè)。??
14、Ive played the piano、我已經(jīng)彈過鋼琴了。
15、I had thought I could pass the final examination but I failed、我估計我可以通過期末考試，但結(jié)果我沒通過。
16、The manager has just left. If only youhad come a little earlier.經(jīng)理剛走,如果你來早點就好了.
17、I just had two apples、我剛剛吃了兩個蘋果。
18、I have learned about two hundred English words this morning. 本月我學(xué)了大約200個英語單詞.
19、l have played the piano .我已經(jīng)彈過鋼琴了。
20、He has lived in Beijing for 8 years他在北京住了 8 年 。
21、I just finished reading、我剛讀完書。
22、They have saw that film.他們看過了那場電影。.
23、In the past 10 years，there have been great changes in our family life.在過去的十年里，我們的家庭生活發(fā)生了很大的變化。
24、How many times have you been to Singapore?你去過新加坡幾次?
25、I havent eaten anything since breakfast. 我從早飯起就一直沒有吃東西.
26、This is the first time I have been here.這是我第一次到這兒。
27、I just turned off the light、我剛剛把燈關(guān)上。
28、Has anybody water-skied before?有人之前滑過水嗎?
29、The key she lost was found.她丟失的鑰匙找到了。
30、The key she lost was found、她丟失的鑰匙找到了。
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