用法

　　(1)作定語

　　單個(gè)的分詞作定語，一般置于所修飾的詞前;分詞短語作定語置于所修飾的詞后，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語從句。如：

　　Many excited people wanted to travel on the underground.

　　許多興奮的人們想乘地鐵旅行。

　　The countries you referred to just now belong to developing countries.

　　你剛才提到的那些國家屬于發(fā)展中國家。

　　People developed a kind of paper made from the fibers of plants.

　　=People developed a kind of paper which/that was made from the fibers of plants.

　　人們研制出一種用植物纖維制成的紙。

　　The houses being built are for the teachers.

　　=The houses which/that are being built are for the teachers.

　　正在(被)建的那些房子是給老師們的。

　　The little boy standing over there is a classmate of mine.

　　站在那邊的小男孩是我班的同學(xué)。

　　* 不定式、過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞作定語的區(qū)別

　　不定式作定語一般表示將來的動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在分詞作定語常表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;過去分詞作定語表示過去的動(dòng)作。如：

　　The problem to be discussed tomorrow is very important.

　　The problem discussed yesterday is very important.

　　The problem being discussed now is very important.

　　(2)作狀語

　　a)分詞作狀語的基本原則

　　分詞作狀語時(shí)，分詞的邏輯主語必須與句子的主語保持一致。分詞作狀語時(shí)，必須與句中的主語含有邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系或動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。

　　b)分詞作狀語形式的選擇