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大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案1
Americans spend their free time in various ways.
America is a country of sports—of hunting, fishing and swimming, and of team sports like baseball and football. Millions of Americans watch their favorite sports on television. They also like to play in community orchestras(管弦樂(lè)隊(duì)),make their own films or recordings, go camping ,visit museums, attend lectures, travel, garden, read, and join in hundreds of other activities. The people also enjoy building things for their homes, sewing their own clothes, even making their own photographs. They do these things for fun as well as for economy.
But as much as Americans enjoy their free time, the country is at the same time a"self-improvement" country. More than 25 million *s continue their education, chiefly by going to school in the evening, during their own free time, at their own expense. Added to the time spent on personal activities, Americans a1so devote a great amount of their time to the varied needs of their communities. Many hospitals, schools, libraries, museums, parks, community centers, and organizations that assist the poor depend on the many hours citizens devote to these activities, often without any pay. Why do they do it?
There are several answers. The idea of cooperating and sharing responsibility with one another for the benefit of all is as old as the country itself.
When the country was first founded in 1776,it was necessary for the settlers to work together to live. They had crossed dangerous seas and risked all they had in their struggle for political and religious freedom. There remains among many Americans a distrust of central government. People still prefer to do things themselves within their communities, rather than give the government more control.
Sometimes people offer their time because they wish to accomplish something for which no money is paid, to do something that will be of benefit to the entire community. It is true that some people use their leisure because they are truly interested in the work; or they are learning from the experience.
No matter what the reason is, hundreds of thousands of so called leisure hours are put into hard, unpaid work on one or another community need.
1. This passage is mainly about ________ . 【 B 】
A. why America is a country of sports
B. how Americans spend their free time
C. why America is a "self-improvement" country
2. The writer mentions the foundation of the country in order to indicate ________.【 C 】
A. the early history of America
B. the American people's determination to live
C. the reason for Americans' willingness to cooperate and share responsibility
3.Which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined word “l(fā)eisure"【 C 】
A. work time B. energy C. spare time
4.What can we infer from the text【 A 】
A. The first settlers left their hometown for political and religious reasons.
B. Many Americans don′t trust the central government.
C. American people enjoy building things for their homes just for fun.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案2
Habits, whether good or bad, are gradually formed. When a person does a certain thing again, he is driven by some unseen force to do the same thing repeatedly, then a habit is formed. Once a habit is formed, it is difficult, and sometimes impossible, to get rid of. It is therefore very important that we should pay great attention to the formation of habits. Children often form bad habits, some of which remain with them as long as they live. Older persons also form bad habits lasting as long as they live, and sometimes become ruined by them.
There are other habits which, when formed in early life, are of great help. Many successful men say that much of their success has something to do with certain habits in early life, such as early rising, honesty and so on.
Among the habits which children should not form are laziness, lying, stealing and so on. These are all easily formed habits. Unfortunately older persons often form habits which could have been avoided(避免).
We should keep away from all these bad habits, and try to form such habits as will be good for ourselves and others.
1. ________ are formed little by little.
A. Good habits B. Bad habits
C. Both good habits and bad habits D. Either good habits or bad habits
2. The underlined word "them" in the first paragraph refers to ________.
A. bad habits B. good habits C. children D. other persons
3. Generally speaking, it's difficult for one___ and easy for them _____ which should be avoided.
A. to form bad habits; to form good habits
B. to form good habits; to form bad habits
C. to form such habits as will be good; to get rid of bad habits
D. to get rid of bad habits; to form good habits
4 Why should we pay much attention to the formation of habits?
A. Because habits are of great help to every one of us.
B. Because a man can never get rid of a habit.
C. Because it's hard and sometimes even impossible to throw away bad habits.
D. Because we are forced to do them again and again.
5. According to the passage, early rising ________.
A. has something to do with success
B. is an easily formed habit
C. is such a habit as should have been avoided
D. is such a habit as will be kept
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案3
Many people who work in London prefer to live outside it, and to go in to their offices or schools every day by train, car or bus, even though this means they have to get up early in the morning and reach home late in the evening.
One advantage of living outside London is that houses are cheaper. Even a small flat in London without a garden costs quite a lot to rent. With the same money, one can get a little house in the country with a garden of one’s own.
Then, in the country one can really get away from the noise and hurry of busy working lives. Even though one has to get up earlier and spend more time in trains or buses, one can sleep better at night and during weekends and on summer evenings, one can enjoy the fresh, clean air of the country. If one likes garden, one can spend one’s free time digging, planting, watering and doing the hundred and one other jobs which are needed in a garden. Then, when the flowers and vegetables come up, one has got the reward together with those who have shared the secret of Nature.
Some people, however, take no interest in country things: for them, happiness lies in the town, with its cinemas and theatres, beautiful shops and busy streets, dance-halls and restaurants. Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London. An occasional walk in one of the parks and a fortnight’s (two weeks) visit to the sea every summer is all the country they want: the rest they are quite prepared to leave to those who are glad to get away from London every night.
1. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.People who love Nature prefer to live outside the city.
B.All the people who work in London prefer to live in the country.
C.Some people enjoying city life prefer to work and live inside London.
D.Many nature lovers, though working in London, prefer to live outside.
2. With the same money needed for ________, one can buy a little house with a garden in the country.
A.getting a small flat with a garden
B.having a small flat with a garden
C.renting a small flat without a garden
D.buying a small flat without a garden
3. When the garden is in blossom, the one ________ has been rewarded.
A.living in the country
B.having spent time working in the garden.
C.having a garden of his own.
D.having been digging, planting and watering
4. People who think happiness lies in the city life would feel that ________ if they had to live outside London.
A. their life was meaningless B. their life was invaluable
C. they didn’t deserve a happy life D. they were not worthy of their happy life
5. The underlined phrase “get away from” in the 3rd paragraph refers to ________.
A. deal with B. do away with C. escape from D. prevent from
很多在倫敦工作的人喜歡住在倫敦郊外，然后每天乘火車、汽車和公交車去上班或上學(xué)。這也就意味著他們不得不早出晚歸。
住在倫敦郊外的一個(gè)好處就是房子便宜。在倫敦即使是沒(méi)有花園的小公寓也需要一筆不菲的租金，用同樣的錢，你可以在郊區(qū)買一個(gè)帶花園的小房子了。
然后，他在鄉(xiāng)村就可以遠(yuǎn)離喧囂和忙碌的工作生活。即使他不得不起得更早，花更多的時(shí)間乘火車或公交車，但他晚上可以睡得更好。在周末和夏季的`夜晚，他可以享受鄉(xiāng)村清新干凈的空氣。要是他喜歡花園，在花園里干一些想挖土、種植、澆水等許多園藝的活，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就與其他分享大自然秘密的人們一樣得到獎(jiǎng)賞。
然而有些人對(duì)鄉(xiāng)村并不感興趣。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，幸福就在市區(qū)里，那里有電影 院、劇院、漂亮的商店、繁忙的街道、舞廳和飯店。如果不得不住在倫敦郊外的話，這些人就覺得生活沒(méi)意義了。（對(duì)于那些熱愛都市生活的人來(lái)說(shuō)）他們所需要的鄉(xiāng)村生活，就是偶爾去公園散步，每個(gè)夏天去海邊過(guò)上兩個(gè)星期，其他跟鄉(xiāng)村有關(guān)的東西，讓那些每天晚上都急于離開倫敦的人們（住在郊外的人們）去享受吧。
【答案與解析】 本文介紹在倫敦工作的人對(duì)是在市里居住還是在鄉(xiāng)下居住所持的不同看法和態(tài)度。
1. B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容：雖然有很多喜歡鄉(xiāng)村生活，但文章最后講也有些人喜歡城市生活，從而可推知此題答案為B。
2. C。細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第2段第二、三句可推知此題答案為C。
3. B。推斷題。根據(jù)文章第3段最后兩句可知：要是他喜歡花園，在花園里挖土、種植、澆水等等，那么當(dāng)鮮花和蔬菜生長(zhǎng)起來(lái)的時(shí)候，他就得到了與大自然分享秘密的獎(jiǎng)賞，所以選B。
4. A。推斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段第2句Such people would feel that their life was not worth living if they had to live it outside London可推知此題答案為A。
5. C。推斷題。根據(jù)其上文：這些人偶爾去公園散散步后去海邊度兩周假；本句接著說(shuō)：其余的就留給那些每天晚上喜歡離開倫敦的人，那么，“其余的”顯然指“其余的鄉(xiāng)村”。從而可推知題答案為C。
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案4
In the last two hundred years there have been great changes in the method of production of goods. This is now also true of the building industry; for mechanization has been introduced. System building can save both time and money. The principle of system building is that the building is made from a set of standard units. These are either made at the building-site or at a factory. Some designers, in fact, are standardizing the dimensions of rooms. They are made in multiples of a single fixed length, usually ten centimetres. This is called a modular (標(biāo)準(zhǔn)件的) system, and it means that manufactures can produce standardized fittings at a lower cost. The most important fact about system building is its speed. A ten-storey flat, for example, can be completed in four months.
There are several new methods of system building. One is the panel method. In this case, the construction company sometimes erects a factory on the site. The walls and floors of the building, called panels, are cast in a horizontal or vertical position. Conduits for electrical wires and sleeves for pipes are cast in the panels when they are being made. The molds for making these castings are situated all around the building.
After the concrete panels are cast, they are allowed to set and harden for a week. Next they are lifted by a tower crane on to any section of the building. There the panels are cemented together at their joints and the floor covering is laid.
After the panels have been cemented together, the crane lifts a case into the area. It contains all the fittings to be installed, such as wash-basins, radiators and pipes. Finishing tradesmen, such as plumbers, plasterers, painters and electricians, follow behind to complete the work.
In some building developments, in some countries, whole flats with internal features like their bathrooms, bedrooms and connecting stairs, and weighing as much as twenty tons, are carried to the building-site ready-made. A giant overhead crane is used to lift them into position. In the future, this method may become more widespread.
1. The main difference between panel method and the method discussed in the last paragraph is_______.
A. the latter uses ready-made internal features
B. panels are cast in a level position
C. the former is used to build walls and floors while the latter to construct bathrooms or bedrooms
D. the former is more expensive than the latter
2. Which of these statements is TRUE of system building?
A. It employs more men. B. It is difficult and dangerous.
C. It can save both time and money. D. It means less mechanization.
3. According to the passage, the principle of system building is that_______.
A. construction methods are safer
B. buildings are made from a set of standardized units
C. similar buildings can be produced
D. all units are produced on the site
4. The usual fixed length in the modular system is_______.
A. twenty centimetres B. ten millimetres
C. fifty centimetres D. ten centimetres
5. What lifts the concrete panels onto the building?
A. Cranes. B. Man-power.
C. Pulleys. D. Hydraulic jacks.
大學(xué)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解題及答案5
Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their won appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making？Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?
It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must negatively affect people. A person’s conception of himself or herself is reflected in the way he or she behaves, and the way a person behaves affects other people’s reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.’
Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are doing “the right thing.” Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirms their feelings of inferiority. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliment with a statement like this one, “You’re just saying that to make me feel good. I know it’s not true.” It is clear that while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.
Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determined and patient efforts in building self-confidence. Since shyness goes hand in hand with a lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.
Each one of us is a unique, worthwhile individual, interested in our own personal ways. The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our full potential. Let’s not allow shyness to block our chances for a rich and fulfilling life.
1. What does the author try to prove by citing “what kind of impression am I making?”
A. Shy people benefit from their caring about their appearance.
B. People’s shyness made them care too much about their appearance and actions.
C. It’s natural that shy people don’t believe other’s compliments.
D. Shy people think they are different from others.
2. According to the writer, self-awareness is ________.
A. a good quality B. the cause of unhappiness
C. harmful to people D. a weak point of shy people
3. When being praised, shy people feel that it is ________.
A. good B. unreal C. very reasonable D. harmful
4. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?
A. Shyness helps us to develop our potential
B. Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better
C. Shyness can block our chances for a rich life
D. Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem
5. It can be inferred from the passage that shy people ________.
A. should find more of their weakness
B. should understand themselves in the right way
C. had better ignore their weakness
D. can get rid of their shyness while maintaining low self-esteem
參考譯文：
害羞是由于在眾人面前感覺不自在而引發(fā)的。害羞的人容易焦慮，自我意識(shí)強(qiáng)，他們過(guò)分在意自己的外表和行為。他們頭腦里常有這樣不安的想法：我給別人留下了怎樣的印象？別人喜歡我嗎？我是否聽起來(lái)很蠢？我穿的衣服難看嗎？
顯而易見，這些不適的感覺對(duì)人有負(fù)面影響。一個(gè)人的自我認(rèn)識(shí)體現(xiàn)在他/她的言行舉止上，這些行為影響著他人對(duì)此作出反映。總體來(lái)說(shuō)，人們對(duì)自身的看法深刻影響到他們生活的方方面面。
害羞的人往往自信不足，常常被動(dòng)，易受他人影響。他們需要有相信自己的心態(tài)，認(rèn)識(shí)到自己所做的是正確的。害羞的人對(duì)批評(píng)意見比較敏感。他們感到自卑意識(shí)由此增強(qiáng)。害羞的人難以取悅。他們會(huì)說(shuō)這樣的'話：“你說(shuō)那些是讓我高興，其實(shí)我知道我沒(méi)那么好�！� 顯然，自我意識(shí)是一種良好的品質(zhì)，過(guò)份的自我意識(shí)就不好了。
害羞能夠消除或至少減輕嗎？當(dāng)然。只要人們堅(jiān)定耐心地培養(yǎng)自信就可克服害羞。既然害羞源自缺乏自信，人們應(yīng)該在看到自己長(zhǎng)處的同時(shí)認(rèn)識(shí)自己的短處。
每個(gè)人都是獨(dú)特的，有價(jià)值的個(gè)體，有自己的行為方式。我們對(duì)自己了解越多，我們就越能發(fā)揮自己的潛能。不要讓害羞妨礙我們享受豐富的人生。
1. 一段第—二句話提到“害羞的人很緊張和敏感，他們對(duì)于自己的外表和行為過(guò)分關(guān)心�！彼赃xB為正確答案。
2．[答案]A。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句，可知自我意識(shí)是—種好的品質(zhì)，所以選A。選項(xiàng)C有干擾性，過(guò)度的自我意識(shí)是有害的，而不是說(shuō)自我意識(shí)是有害的。
3．[答案]B。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)第三段第五句。
4. [答案]C。[解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)文中最后一句“我們不應(yīng)該讓害羞阻礙我們過(guò)豐富的有價(jià)值的生活�！笨芍_答案是C。
5．[答案]B。 [解析]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第五段第二句話提到，“我們?cè)搅私庾约壕驮皆饺菀装l(fā)揮自己的潛質(zhì)�！笨梢酝茢喑鑫覀儜�(yīng)該正確了解自己，所以選B。
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