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英語動詞語態(tài)-動名詞表被動含義
動詞語態(tài)是指特殊的動詞形式,用以表示動作的主語和賓語之間的關(guān)系。以下是小編為大家收集的英語動詞語態(tài)-動名詞表被動含義,歡迎閱讀,希望大家能夠喜歡。
1)在need,want,require,deserve和bear等詞的.后面,動名詞用主動形式表示被動含義,其含義相當于動詞不定式的被動形式。如:
The house needs repairing(to be repaired).這房子需要修理。
My clothes need washing(to be washed).我的衣服需要洗了。
2)形容詞worth后面跟動名詞的主動形式表示被動含義,但不能跟動詞不定式;而worthy后面跟動詞不定式的被動形式。如:
The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)這本畫冊很值得一讀。
Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worth helping.(=Such a man as Mr.Smith is not worthy to be helped.)像史密斯先生那樣的人不值得幫助。
This plan is not worth considering.(=This plan is not worthy to be considered.)這個計劃不值得考慮。
3)某些動詞不定式的主動形式表被動含義
a.當nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult, important,impossible,pleasant, interesting等形容詞后跟不定式作狀語,而句子的主語又是動詞不定式的邏輯賓語時,這時常用不定式的主動形式表達被動含義。如:
Japanese is not difficult to learn.日語并不難學(xué)。(指日語被學(xué))
The water is unfit to drink.這水不適合喝。(指水被喝)
The piece of music is pleasant to hear.這首音樂聽起來很悅耳。(指音樂被聽)
This book is easy to read.這本書讀起來很容易。(指書被讀)
b.當動詞不定式在名詞后面作定語,不定式和名詞之間有動賓關(guān)系時,不定式的主動形式表示被動含義。如:
I have a lot of work to do today.我今天有很多工作要做。(work to do指被做的工作)
He has three children to look after.他有三個孩子要照看。(children to look after指孩子被照看)
注意:如果以上句型用動詞不定式的被動形式,其含義有所區(qū)別。如:
I have some clothes to be washed.我有些要洗的衣服。(衣服不是自己洗)
c.在there be...句型中,當動詞不定式修飾名詞作定語時,不定式用主動或被動式,其含義沒有什么區(qū)別。如:
There is a lot of homework to do(to be done).有很多家庭作業(yè)要做。
There are some clothes to wash(to be washed).有些衣服要洗。
4)由介詞for,on,above,under等構(gòu)成的短語有時可以表達被動含義。如:
His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon.=His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon.他的油畫作品明天下午展出。
5)表示感官意義的連系動詞如smell,feel,taste,look,sound等在句子中常表達被動含義。如:
How nice the music sounds!這音樂聽起來多悅耳!
Good medicine tastes bitter.良藥苦口。
Our school looks more beautiful than before.我們學(xué)校看上去比以前更漂亮了。
英語語法:動詞語態(tài)(主動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)表示被動含義)
1. 有些動詞和well, badly, easily等副詞連用時,表示主語內(nèi)在品質(zhì)或性能
常見的有:
write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook等。
This kind of pens writes very smoothly.
2. 感官類系動詞look, sound, taste, smell, feel等系動詞用主動形式表示被動含義
School uniforms look great on sun.
The cake smells delicious.
3. be worth doing用主動形式表示被動意義
This film is worth seeing.
4. want/need/require+doing相當于want/need/require to be done
My bike needs repairing.
=My bike needs to be repaired.
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